T cell activation—the process by which these key immune defenders recognize threats and mobilize against them—depends on exquisitely timed molecular signals. Now researchers have captured one of the ...

Cancer-fighting T cells do not simply "run out of energy." They are molecularly reprogrammed. For years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been recognized as a hallmark of exhausted T cells in tumors. Yet ...

In preliminary experiments with mice and lab-grown cells, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center scientists have found that a protein-signaling process accelerates the work of the gene most frequently ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – November 6, 2025) The enzyme RNA polymerase II transcribes genes into messenger RNA. This process is guided by modifications to the enzyme’s “tail” called phosphorylation patterns.

A lipid hidden within cells called phosphatidylserine reveals how the body initiates the removal of threats and cellular debris.

Mitochondrial calcium signalling plays a fundamental role in cellular homeostasis by modulating energy production and activating key metabolic enzymes. Calcium ions (Ca2+) are dynamically exchanged ...

As inflamed regions of the gut form scar tissue, the space within the gut lumen becomes smaller and more restricted, leading ...

Photoreceptors are specialized cells in the eye that convert light energy into neural signals. Several diseases that cause irreversible vision loss, including age-related macular degeneration, ...

The discovery that tissues use electricity to expel unhealthy cells is part of a surge of renewed interest in the currents flowing through our bodies. We’re used to thinking of the brain as an ...