Biotherapeutics continue to revolutionize how clinicians treat many human diseases. Protein therapies using molecules like peptides and monoclonal antibodies have become well established in the clinic ...

Protein-based therapeutics have transformed treatments for numerous diseases, yet their production remains highly complex and cost-intensive [1][2],[3][4]. Downstream processing (DSP), including ...

Subvisible particles have the potential to impact efficacy, safety, and regulatory compliance throughout the field of biotherapeutics. Conventional particle analysis methods only provide particle ...

Single-particle optical sensing (SPOS) was originally developed for the field of particulate contamination analysis. Particles in a liquid suspension flow through a small "photozone", a narrow, ...