For nearly 30 years, a landmark study shaped how scientists understood the relationship between brain and body size in ...

Although modern crocodiles, alligators, caimans and gharials are restricted to the tropics, their fossil record tells a very ...

Discover how octopuses challenge our understanding of intelligence with their unique brains, autonomous arms, and potential ...

Blind Mexican cavefish became active in light while surface fish reacted to darkness, revealing how evolution rewired brains.

Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish may have evolved large brains because of the challenges posed by their environments rather ...

A new analysis supports the previously overlooked "brain lag" hypothesis—the idea that, in some primate lineages, the evolution of larger body size preceded the evolution of larger brain size—while ...

While this scenario sounds apocalyptic for us, it’s run-of-the-mill for blind Mexican cavefish (Astyanax mexicanus) as ...

A new study constructs the first 3D single-cell brain atlas of the lamprey, uncovering the 450-million-year-old molecular ...

A 300-million-year-old fish kept its fossilized brain, letting scientists read brain shape from skulls of similar ancient ...

Researchers reveal how gut microbes shape metabolic strategies to fuel larger brains, offering a glimpse into the evolutionary biology of primates. Putative model for microbial influences on the ...

The human brain is three times bigger than a chimp's and more spherical than a Neanderthal's. Within a maze of bumps and grooves, neurons converse in distinct patterns that give humans unique ...